When planning a trip to Japan, spring and autumn are arguably the most beautiful times to visit. Cherry blossoms in spring and colorful autumn leaves create magical landscapes across the country. During these seasons, countless festivals take place in towns and cities nationwide. If you happen to travel through the Tokai region during these months, there’s one festival you shouldn’t miss: the Takayama Festival, held in the historic town of Takayama, Gifu Prefecture.
This article will guide you through the charm and cultural richness of this iconic festival, and why it deserves a spot on your Japan itinerary.
Discovering Takayama – The “Little Kyoto” of the Mountains
Located in northern Gifu Prefecture, Takayama is a scenic town known for its well-preserved Edo-period architecture and traditional atmosphere. It’s often called “Little Kyoto” for its historical charm and narrow streets lined with wooden buildings.
Although Takayama is about 150 kilometers north of Nagoya, it’s quite accessible—around 2.5 hours by train or highway bus. Thanks to its strategic location, you can also easily combine it with visits to other destinations like:
- Shirakawa-go, a picturesque village and UNESCO World Heritage Site
- Gero Onsen, a famous hot spring town
- Kanazawa, a cultural hub located northwest of Takayama
What makes Takayama even more special is its resistance to modernization. While many Japanese cities lost their historical architecture during World War II and postwar development, Takayama was spared from air raids and has preserved its old townscape. This dedication to cultural preservation gives visitors a rare glimpse into Japan’s past.
What Is the Takayama Festival?
The Takayama Festival (高山祭) is one of the most celebrated and visually stunning traditional festivals in Japan. It dates back to the 17th century, with much of its current form established in the 18th century. The festival is famous for its elaborately decorated floats (yatai) and performances of karakuri mechanical puppets.
These ornate floats, adorned with lacquer, gold leaf, and intricate carvings, parade through the town accompanied by traditional Japanese music. Some floats even feature puppets that move and dance using hidden mechanisms—a true testament to Japan’s craftsmanship. Because of its historical and cultural value, the festival has been recognized as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.
The festival is held twice a year, in spring and autumn, with each version offering a unique experience.
Spring and Autumn Festivals – What’s the Difference?
Both the spring and autumn Takayama Festivals showcase floats and puppet performances, but they take place in different areas of the town and feature slightly different attractions.
Spring Takayama Festival (Sanno Matsuri)
- Dates: April 14–15 annually
- Location: Southern Takayama (Kamimachi area)
- Number of Floats: 12 (3 with karakuri puppets)
Autumn Takayama Festival (Hachiman Matsuri)
- Dates: October 9–10 annually
- Location: Northern Takayama (Shimomachi area)
- Number of Floats: 11 (1 with a karakuri puppet)
Despite these differences, both festivals bring the town to life with vibrant energy and traditional pageantry.
Highlights of the Takayama Festival
One of the most striking scenes during the festival is watching the yatai floats slowly moving through Takayama’s historic streets. Accompanied by music from drums and flutes (called ohayashi), the floats create a vivid display of traditional Japanese festivity.
The karakuri puppets are also a major attraction. These mechanical dolls, built with traditional technology, perform dances and movements on the floats. Watching them in action is like stepping into a living museum of Japanese artistry.
Another unforgettable moment is the nighttime illumination. On the festival’s first night, the floats are adorned with hundreds of paper lanterns, glowing softly as they roll through the streets. It’s an ethereal and romantic sight, perfect for photographers and anyone enchanted by traditional Japanese aesthetics.
Explore Takayama Alongside the Festival
While you’re in town for the festival, be sure to explore the many other attractions Takayama has to offer:
The Old Streets of Sanmachi Suji
A beautifully preserved district with merchant houses from the Edo to Meiji periods. This area is full of local shops, restaurants, and sake breweries—perfect for an afternoon of strolling, shopping, and sampling local flavors.
Miyagawa Morning Market
Held daily along the Miyagawa River, this market offers local produce, handmade crafts, and street food. It’s an ideal place to pick up souvenirs or enjoy light bites while exploring the riverside area.
Takayama Jinya
This unique historical building is the only remaining Edo-period government office in Japan. Once used by local officials to govern the region, it now serves as a museum offering insights into feudal administration. It’s also located near the morning market, so you can visit both conveniently.
Important Tips for Visiting During the Festival
Due to the festival’s popularity, accommodations in Takayama book up quickly—often more than six months in advance. If you want to stay in the city center, make reservations as early as possible. If not, nearby towns like Gero Onsen offer great alternatives and a chance to relax in a hot spring bath after a day of festivities.
Also, trains and buses become extremely crowded during the festival. If you plan to take the JR train to Takayama, be sure to reserve your seat as soon as ticket sales open—one month in advance.
Final Thoughts: Why the Takayama Festival Is Worth the Journey
Throughout the year, Japan is home to many wonderful festivals. But the Takayama Festival stands out for its beauty, historical significance, and unforgettable atmosphere. If you’re planning a trip to Nagoya or central Japan, it’s well worth extending your itinerary to include Takayama.
From the intricate floats to the preserved townscape, this festival offers a rare chance to experience traditional Japan in a way few other places can. It’s not just a festival—it’s a living piece of Japanese history, culture, and artistry.
Takayama Festival / 高山祭
Date: April 14–15 annually, October 9–10 annually
Website : Hida Takayama Tourist Information